| The Effect of Autophagy to Cell Death in Nutrient-Deprived H460 Cells. |
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Hye Yeon Jang, Hyang Jeong Jo, Ki Eun Hwhang, So Young Kim, Kang Kyoo Lee, Sun Rock Moon, Jeong Hyun Shin, Kyung Hwa Cho, Mi Kung Lee, Sam Youn Lee, Soon Ah Park, Jong Kun Park, Hui Jung Kim, Sei Hoon Yang |
1Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea. yshpul@wonkwang.ac.kr
2Department of Pathology, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
3Department of Radiation Oncology, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
4Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
5Department of Nuclear Medicine, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea.
6Department of Biological Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, Korea. |
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| Abstract |
BACKGROUND
Autophagy is an important adaptive mechanism in normal development and in response to changing environmental stimuli in cancer. Previous papers have reported that different types of cancer underwent autophagy to obtain amino acids as energy source of dying cells in nutrient-deprived conditions. However, whether or not autophagy in the process of lung cancer causes death or survival is controversial. Therefore in this study, we investigated whether nutrient deprivation induces autophagy in human H460 lung cancer cells. METHODS: H460, lung cancer cells were incubated in RPMI 1640 medium, and the starved media, which are BME and RPMI media without serum, including 2-deoxyl-D-glucose according to time dependence. To evaluate the viability and find out the mechanism of cell death under nutrient-deprived conditions, the MTT assay and flow cytometry were done and analyzed the apoptotic and autophagic related proteins. It is also measured the development of acidic vascular organelles by acridine orange. RESULTS: The nutrient-deprived cancer cell is relatively sensitive to cell death rather than normal nutrition. Massive cytoplasmic vacuolization was seen under nutrient-deprived conditions. Autophagic vacuoles were visible at approximately 12 h and as time ran out, vacuoles became larger and denser with the increasing number of vacuoles. In addition, the proportion of acridine orange stain-positive cells increased according to time dependence. Localization of GFP-LC3 in cytoplasm and expression of LC-3II and Beclin 1 were increased according to time dependence on nutrient-deprived cells. CONCLUSION: Nutrient deprivation induces cell death through autophagy in H460 lung cancer cells. |
| Key Words:
Autophagy, Malnutrition, Lung Neoplasms, Cell Death |
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