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Original Article
Asthma
Consensus of Korean Asthma Study Group on Definition of Clinical Remission in Severe Asthma: A Modified Delphi Study
Sun Hye Shin, Joon Young Choi, Junghee Yoon, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):215-225.   Published online December 9, 2025
Background: Asthma remission has recently emerged as an aspirational treatment goal, yet its definition remains inconsistent across studies and expert groups. The absence of a standardized framework hampers its application in clinical practice and research, particularly in Korea where biologics use is rapidly increasing. This study aimed to establish a consensus definition of clinical remission in severe asthma among Korean...
Original Article
Asthma
Clinical Utility of Impulse Oscillometry Parameters in Predicting Asthma Exacerbations
Jeong-Woong Park
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):226-234.   Published online January 27, 2026
Background: Impulse oscillometry (IOS) provides an effort-independent assessment of respiratory mechanics and is particularly sensitive to small airway dysfunction. Although IOS has been shown to complement spirometry in asthma, its association with exacerbation risk and its relationship with type 2 inflammatory biomarkers remain incompletely understood. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 128 adult patients with physician-diagnosed asthma who underwent both spirometry...
Original Article
COPD
Addressing Low Physical Activity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Importance of Patients’ Symptom Perception
Sungmin Zo, Danbee Kang, Sung A Kong, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):235-244.   Published online December 16, 2025
Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a key intervention for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, adherence remains suboptimal, particularly in patients with low physical activity (PA) despite preserved physical capacity (PC). This study aimed to identify factors associated with low PA, with a focus on patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods: In this prospective study, COPD patients were categorized according to daily moderate-to-vigorous...
Original Article
Environmental and Occupational Lung Disease
Trends in Combustible Cigarette Smoking, Electronic Cigarette Use, and Related Behaviors among Korean Adults: An 11-Year Analysis of Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2023)
Won Jin Yang
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):245-256.   Published online February 19, 2026
Background: Smoking remains a major preventable cause of death and disease worldwide. The proliferation of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) adds complexity to tobacco control policies. This study analyzed trends in smoking prevalence, e-cigarette use, dual use, age at smoking initiation, intention to quit, motivations for use, and second-hand smoke exposure among Korean adults over 11 years (2013–2023). Methods: We analyzed data from...
Original Article
Interstitial Lung Disease, Lung Cancer
Serial KL-6 Changes in PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Prospective Pilot Study
Jae Kyeom Sim, Juwhan Choi, Sung Won Chang, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):257-265.   Published online December 12, 2025
Background: Programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors are effective treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but their use can lead to severe pneumonitis. This study aims to evaluate the utility of Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) for predicting and diagnosing PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-related pneumonitis in NSCLC patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study at a university-affiliated...
Original Article
Interstitial Lung Disease
Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 Level as a Reflecting Biomarker in Patients with Interstitial Lung Abnormalities
Hyung Koo Kang, Sung Jun Chung, Jiyeon Kang, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):266-274.   Published online December 17, 2025
Background: Research on the relationship between the progression of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) and serum biomarkers, including white blood cell differential counts and Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), is limited. This study aimed to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with ILA and evaluate the association between disease progression and serum biomarkers. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 159...
Original Article
Miscellaneous
Cough Assessment in Chronic Respiratory Diseases (COASESS): Findings from a Prospective Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Tai Joon An, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Chin Kook Rhee, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):275-286.   Published online December 9, 2025
Background: Cough is a prominent symptom of chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchiectasis (BE). Some patients develop chronic cough (CC), defined as lasting more than 8 weeks, yet its characteristics remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize CC across various chronic respiratory diseases using validated cough assessment tools. Methods: The...
Original Article
Pleural Diseases
Dry Medical Thoracoscopy with Artificial Pneumothorax Induction: A Scoping Review
Nai-Chien Huan, Larry Ellee Nyanti, Emilia Sheau Yuin Toh, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):287-296.   Published online December 9, 2025
Background: Dry medical thoracoscopy (MT) allows access into the pleural cavity in the absence of effusion; but its role, safety, and techniques remain poorly defined. This scoping review summarises current evidence on indications, procedural approaches, diagnostic yield, and safety of dry MT; and highlights gaps to guide future research. Methods: We conducted a scoping review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items...
Original Article
Pulmonary Infection
Clinical Outcome Prediction by High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Echocardiography Assessment of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Bronchiectasis
Inhan Lee, Joon-Sung Joh, Ji Yeon Lee, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):297-305.   Published online December 9, 2025
Background: To evaluate the association between pulmonary hypertension and hospital admission rates in patients with bronchiectasis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 130 bronchiectasis patients at the National Medical Center, Korea (November 2012 to October 2022). Pulmonary hypertension was evaluated using high-resolution computed tomography (CT) and echocardiography. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the diameter of the main pulmonary...
Original Article
Pulmonary Infection
Trends and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in South Korea: A Nationwide NHIS-Based Study (2010−2022)
Jeong Mi Seo, Sungchan Kang, Taeyoon Lim, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):306-320.   Published online December 9, 2025
Background: In South Korea, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is not a notifiable disease, while the absence of a national surveillance system hampers accurate assessment of its incidence. Therefore, this study utilized National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) claims data to investigate nationwide trends in NTM occurrence over the past decade. Methods: We used NHIS claims (2010−2022) to assemble a cohort with International Classification...
Original Article
Pulmonary Infection
Characteristics of Patients with Idiopathic Bronchiectasis in Comparison to Post-infectious Bronchiectasis in South Korea
Seo-Young Hwang, Hyun Lee, Hayoung Choi, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):321-331.   Published online January 27, 2026
Background: Bronchiectasis has a complex and heterogeneous pathogenesis, with various etiologies, the majority being idiopathic. This study aimed to examine the characteristics of patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis in comparison to those with post-infectious bronchiectasis. Methods: We analyzed data from patients with idiopathic and post-infectious bronchiectasis (including post-tuberculosis) from the Korean Multicenter Bronchiectasis Audit and Research Collaboration (KMBARC) registry, a prospective cohort...
Original Article
Tuberculosis
Endobronchial Ultrasonography Features in Tuberculous Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy
Ginanjar Arum Desianti, Menaldi Rasmin, Lisnawati Lisnawati, et al.
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):332-343.   Published online December 16, 2025
Background: Mediastinal lymphadenopathy indicates an intrathoracic pathological process. Tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy (TML) can be an early sign of tuberculosis infection, particularly in developing countries. Its incidence is often unclear due to underdiagnosis and limited access to diagnostic tools. Timely diagnosis is essential, as delayed treatment can result in severe complications. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a reliable method...
Current Issue
Volume 89(2); Apr 2026
Reviews
COPD
4996
Biologics in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Current Status and Future Prospects
Joon Young Choi
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):121-132.   Published online February 9, 2026
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4999
Small Airway Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathology: Assessment and Clinical Implications
Jong Geol Jang, Hyonsoo Joo, Hyun Lee
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):133-142.   Published online February 19, 2026
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5001
Imaging in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Ready for Prime Time?
Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Surya P. Bhatt
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):143-153.   Published online February 25, 2026
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Interstitial Lung Disease
4988
Tweaking the Complex Fibrogenic Role of Lymphocytes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Aritra Bhattacharyya, Julie D. Saba
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):154-165.   Published online December 12, 2025
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4992
Non-pharmacological Management of Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases
Punchalee Kaenmuang, Wing-Ho Yip, Rasleen Kahai, Laura Fabbri
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):166-183.   Published online December 22, 2025
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Lung Cancer
Challenges and Controversies in Perioperative Immunotherapy in Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: An Optimistic Perspective
Duk-ki Kim, Jeong Eun Lee
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):184-192.   Published online February 19, 2026
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Miscellaneous
4984
Objective Assessment of the Cough: Listening to the Patient’s Voice. A Narrative Review
Tai Joon An
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):193-201.   Published online December 9, 2025
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Tuberculosis
4998
Post-tuberculosis Health: A Holistic Perspective on Multisystem Sequelae and Long-Term Wellbeing
Jinsoo Min, Yoolwon Jeong, Hyung Woo Kim, Hongjo Choi, Hojoon Sohn, Marc Lipman, Ju Sang Kim
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):202-214.   Published online February 19, 2026
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Original Articles
Asthma
4983
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):215-225.   Published online December 9, 2025
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4995
Clinical Utility of Impulse Oscillometry Parameters in Predicting Asthma Exacerbations
Jeong-Woong Park
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):226-234.   Published online January 27, 2026
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COPD
4990
Addressing Low Physical Activity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Importance of Patients’ Symptom Perception
Sungmin Zo, Danbee Kang, Sung A Kong, Sun Hye Shin, Jiseon Lee, Jong Geol Do, Hye Yun Park
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):235-244.   Published online December 16, 2025
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Environmental and Occupational Lung Disease
5000
Trends in Combustible Cigarette Smoking, Electronic Cigarette Use, and Related Behaviors among Korean Adults: An 11-Year Analysis of Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2023)
Won Jin Yang
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):245-256.   Published online February 19, 2026
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Interstitial Lung Disease, Lung Cancer
4987
Serial KL-6 Changes in PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Prospective Pilot Study
Jae Kyeom Sim, Juwhan Choi, Sung Won Chang, Sang Hyuk Kim, Jee Youn Oh, Kyung Hoon Min, Gyu Young Hur, Hwan Seok Yong, Jae Jeong Shim, Sung Yong Lee
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):257-265.   Published online December 12, 2025
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Interstitial Lung Disease
4991
Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 Level as a Reflecting Biomarker in Patients with Interstitial Lung Abnormalities
Hyung Koo Kang, Sung Jun Chung, Jiyeon Kang, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Sung-Soon Lee, Jae-Woo Jung, Jae-Chol Choi, Jae Yeol Kim, Jong Wook Shin
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):266-274.   Published online December 17, 2025
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Miscellaneous
4986
Cough Assessment in Chronic Respiratory Diseases (COASESS): Findings from a Prospective Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Tai Joon An, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Chin Kook Rhee, Yee Hyung Kim, Sung-Kyoung Kim, Kyung Hoon Min, Deog Kyeom Kim, Jong-Wook Shin, Hyoung Kyu Yoon, Woo-Jung Song, Jin Woo Kim, Ji-Yong Moon
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):275-286.   Published online December 9, 2025
Full textFull text    PubreaderPubReader    ePubePub    PDFPDF    PDFSupplementary Material
Pleural Diseases
4985
Dry Medical Thoracoscopy with Artificial Pneumothorax Induction: A Scoping Review
Nai-Chien Huan, Larry Ellee Nyanti, Emilia Sheau Yuin Toh, Kong Meng Tung, Fui Bee Woo, Vikneshwara Shanmugam, Sarvin Vignesh, Y. C. Gary Lee
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):287-296.   Published online December 9, 2025
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Pulmonary Infection
4981
Clinical Outcome Prediction by High-Resolution Computed Tomography and Echocardiography Assessment of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Bronchiectasis
Inhan Lee, Joon-Sung Joh, Ji Yeon Lee, Joohae Kim, Sooim Sin, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Ina Jeong
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):297-305.   Published online December 9, 2025
Full textFull text    PubreaderPubReader    ePubePub    PDFPDF    PDFSupplementary Material
4982
Trends and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in South Korea: A Nationwide NHIS-Based Study (2010−2022)
Jeong Mi Seo, Sungchan Kang, Taeyoon Lim, So-mi Shin, Jake Whang, Jinsoo Ko, Gyeong In Lee
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):306-320.   Published online December 9, 2025
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4994
Characteristics of Patients with Idiopathic Bronchiectasis in Comparison to Post-infectious Bronchiectasis in South Korea
Seo-Young Hwang, Hyun Lee, Hayoung Choi, Seung Won Ra, Yeon-Mok Oh
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):321-331.   Published online January 27, 2026
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Tuberculosis
4989
Endobronchial Ultrasonography Features in Tuberculous Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy
Ginanjar Arum Desianti, Menaldi Rasmin, Lisnawati Lisnawati, Erlina Burhan, Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Jacub Pandelaki, Anis Karuniawati, Sita Laksmi Andarini, Ferry Dwi Kurniawan
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):332-343.   Published online December 16, 2025
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Letter to the Editor
Interstitial Lung Disease
4993
Fibroneer Trials: More than Meets the Eye
Felicia S.W. Teo, Jin Woo Song
Tuberc Respir Dis. 2026;89(2):344-346.   Published online January 21, 2026
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Tuberculosis and
Respiratory Diseases

Print ISSN: 1738-3536
Online ISSN: 2005-6184

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